A Study of Sindhi Related and Arabic Script Adapted languages Recognition

1. INTRODUCTION The character recognition of the Roman type of languages especially English has come near to perfection and it is also considered as one of the successful application in the field of computer vision. The work on Arabic script and other scripts is being continued on; but the languages adopting Arabic script is very little while the work on Sindhi language is near to its origin. The Arabic script has more complexities as it's an entirely different script as compared to Roman script. A significant work also has been done on Indian local but Sindhi is lacking its fully functional OCR, although the remarkable work has been done on Sindhi Computing(Bhatti et al., 2014). This paper presents a review of the character recognition processes and image processing techniques applied in OCR systems. The techniques include text line segmentation, word and character segmentation and classification. The paper also looks in to the choices of researchers, made for their research in various languages all around the world. 2. PROPERTIES OF SINDHI LANGUAGE According to Moulana Ubedullah Sindhi a well know Islamic Philosopher and Scholar wrote in his book about Sindhi language, " The seven languages are the main languages in which Holy Books were sent and the remaining world languages are derived from these seven languages. Sindhi is one these languages with Arabic and Hebrew " (Allana, 2004). The rich historical background of Sindhi language can be inferred from the 5000 years Indus Civilization of Moen-jo-Daro near Larkana district of Sindh (AboutIndus, 2014). In (Al-lana, 2004) Dr. Nabi Bux Khan Baloch; a well-known Sindhi historian and scholar has categorized Originity of Sindhi into different opinions in which one of the opinion explains that Sindhi is a Sansakrit branch via Varchada Apabharansha. Sindhi Language is spoken by 18 million people in Pakistan as well as 2.8 million in India. Two common scripts, Arabic and Devanagri are used for writing Sindhi language. Arabic is the most common script used, by adding some modified letters to the Ara-bic letters. In India Sindhi is written in both scripts because it can also be written with Devanagri script. Sin-dhi Language has 24 more letters (total 52) than Arabic language with 28; some modified letters have been added with four dots to accommodate the different sounds. Sindhi has more vowels and consonant than Arabic and its neighbor language Urdu. The writing system follows the same style of …